29. Sep. 2007.
Relax & Enjoy....
Monday, October 1, 2007
National Athem-Nacionalna Himna
God of Justice; Thou who saved uswhen in deepest bondage cast,Hear Thy Serbian children's voices,Be our help as in the past. With Thy mighty hand sustain us,Still our rugged pathway trace;God, our hope; protect and cherishSerbian crown and Serbian race! Bind in closest links our kindredTeach the love that will not fail,May the loathed fiend of discordNever in our ranks prevail. Let the golden fruits of unionOur young tree of freedom grace;God, our Master! guide and prosperSerbian crown and Serbian race.
Lord! Avert from us Thy vengeance,Thunder of Thy dreaded ire;Bless each Serbian town and hamlet,Mountain, meadow, heart and spire.When our host goes forth to battleDeath or victory to embrace-God of armies! be our leaderStrengthen then the Serbian race. On our sepulchre of agesBreaks the resurrection morn,From the slough of direst slaverySerbia anew is born. Through five hundred years of duranceWe have knelt before Thy face,All our kin, O God! deliver,Thus entreats the Serbian race.
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Bože pravde, ti što spaseod propasti do sad nas, čuj i od sad naše glasei od sad nam budi spas. Moćnom rukom vodi, branibudućnosti srpske brod. Bože spasi, Bože hrani,Srpskog Kralja, srpski rod!Složi srpsku braću dragu, na svak' dičan slavan rad, sloga biće poraz vragua najjači srpstvu grad. Nek' na srpskoj blista grani bratske sloge zlatan plod.Bože spasi, Bože hrani Srpskog Kralja, srpski rod!
Nek na srpsko vedro čelotvog ne padne gneva grom, blagoslovi Srbu selo polje, njivu, grad i dom! Kad nastupe borbe dani,k' pobedi mu vodi hod.Bože spasi, Bože hrani Srpskog Kralja, srpski rod! Iz mračnoga sinu groba srpske krune novi sjaj,nastalo je novo doba, novu sreću Bože daj.Kraljevinu srpsku brani, pet vekovne borbe plod.Bože spasi, Bože hrani,moli ti se srpski rod.
Lord! Avert from us Thy vengeance,Thunder of Thy dreaded ire;Bless each Serbian town and hamlet,Mountain, meadow, heart and spire.When our host goes forth to battleDeath or victory to embrace-God of armies! be our leaderStrengthen then the Serbian race. On our sepulchre of agesBreaks the resurrection morn,From the slough of direst slaverySerbia anew is born. Through five hundred years of duranceWe have knelt before Thy face,All our kin, O God! deliver,Thus entreats the Serbian race.
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Bože pravde, ti što spaseod propasti do sad nas, čuj i od sad naše glasei od sad nam budi spas. Moćnom rukom vodi, branibudućnosti srpske brod. Bože spasi, Bože hrani,Srpskog Kralja, srpski rod!Složi srpsku braću dragu, na svak' dičan slavan rad, sloga biće poraz vragua najjači srpstvu grad. Nek' na srpskoj blista grani bratske sloge zlatan plod.Bože spasi, Bože hrani Srpskog Kralja, srpski rod!
Nek na srpsko vedro čelotvog ne padne gneva grom, blagoslovi Srbu selo polje, njivu, grad i dom! Kad nastupe borbe dani,k' pobedi mu vodi hod.Bože spasi, Bože hrani Srpskog Kralja, srpski rod! Iz mračnoga sinu groba srpske krune novi sjaj,nastalo je novo doba, novu sreću Bože daj.Kraljevinu srpsku brani, pet vekovne borbe plod.Bože spasi, Bože hrani,moli ti se srpski rod.
Flag & Municipalities
Square field, proportions 1 (height), by 2 (width) with horizontally arranged fields of the same height - red over blue over white.Republic of Srpska is territorially organized in 63 municipalities and District Brcko:
1. Banja Luka
2. Berkovići
3. Bijeljina
4. Bileća
5. Bratunac
6. Distrikt Brčko
7. Čajniče
8. Čelinac
9. Derventa
10. Doboj
11. Gacko
12. Gradiška
13. Han Pijesak
14. Jezero
15. Kalinovik
16. Kneževo
17. Kotor Varoš
18. Kozarska Dubica
19. Krupa
20. Srpski Kupres
21. Laktaši
22. Lopare
23. Ljubinje
24. Milići
25. Modriča
26. Mrkonjić Grad
27. Nevesinje
28. Novi Grad
29. Osmaci
30. Pale
31. Pelagićevo
32. Petrovac
41. Petrovo
42. Prijedor
43. Prnjavor
44. Ribnik
45. Rogatica
46. Rudo
47. Skelani
48. Sokolac
49. Srbac
50. Srbinje
51. Srebrenica
52. Srpska Ilidža
53. Srpska Kostajnica
54. Srpski Brod
55. Srpski Drvar
56. Srpski Mostar
57. Srpski Sanski Most
58. Srpski Stari Grad
59. Srpsko Goražde
60. Srpsko Novo Sarajevo
61. Srpsko Orašje
62. Šamac
63. Šekovići
64. Šipovo
65. Teslić
66. Trebinje
67. Trnovo
68. Ugljevik
69. Višegrad
70. Vlasenica
71. Vukosavlje
72. Zvornik
Population of the Republic of Srpska
The population of the Republic of Srpska is 1,391,593 (1996), as already mentioned, and the average population density is 56 inhabitants per one square km, which places the state in the group of scarcely populated European countries. Also, the regional distribution of the population is rather uneven (e.g. Herzegovina with 20 inhabitants per one sq km and Posavina and Semberija with 150 inhabitants per one sq km), which is an additional problem for the economic and overall development of the Republic of Srpska.
In the last century the majority of the population in the former Federal Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina was Orthodox (Serbs), which was evident in the 1865 census indicating 46.3% Orthodox Christians, 30.7% Moslems, and 22.7% Catholics. A similar ethnic structure was recorded in the last Austrian-Hungarian census in 1910 (43.5 Orthodox, 32.2% Moslems, 23.3% Catholics). The Orthodox population was in majority in both censuses between the two world wars (1921 and 1931), and in the greater part of the post war period (the 1948, 1951, 1961 censuses). The 1971 census indicated for the first time that the ethnic structure of the population in the former FR B&H changed and Moslems became a relative majority (39.6% Moslems, 37.2% Serbs, 20.6% Croats).
The Serbs comprise over 90% of the total population of the Republic of Srpska, but numerous national minorities are also present: Bosniaks, Croats, Czechs, Ukrainians, Slovacks, etc. The official language is Serbian and the letter is Cyrillic. The prevailing religion is Orthodox-Christian and besides the Serbian Orthodox Church there are other religious communities such as Catholic, Islamic, Jewish, etc.
The natural geographic conditions (river valleys, availability of mineral resources, etc.), as well as transport-geo-graphic conditions are the main factors in the growth and concentration of the population, the development of settlements and economic activities. In big river valleys numerous settlements developed, including the biggest urban centres in the Republic. Some of these centres are macroregional, some are regional or subregional by function. Banja Luka, as the only macroregional leading economic and cultural centre in the Republic of Srpska developed on the banks of the Vrbas river; Brcko as a subregional centre developed in the Sava valley; Trebinje as the regional centre developed on the banks of the Trebisnjica river. Prijedor, an important subregional centre, developed in the valley of the Sana river near ore deposits; and, Zvornik, a regional centre developed in the valley of the Drina River. At the meeting point of the rivers Spreca and Bosna, the important railway junction and the regional centre Doboj developed; Novi Grad developed at the meeting point of the rivers Sana and Una; and the regional centre Srbinje developed at the meeting point of the rivers Cehotina and Drina. Numerous urban settlements that developed in the valleys of these river courses and other small ones became centres of different importance. The process of industrialization and the process of modernization of the transport network after World War II have not significantly influenced the distribution of urban settlements but have instigated the process of urbanization. This means that the urban centres expanded by incorporating the surrounding rural settlements, and increased the scope of their functions. Apart from that, numerous rural settlements acquired various urban functions (new industrial plants, new shops, out-patient clinics, schools, sports centres, etc.) with a tendency to become genuine urban settlements.
In the last century the majority of the population in the former Federal Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina was Orthodox (Serbs), which was evident in the 1865 census indicating 46.3% Orthodox Christians, 30.7% Moslems, and 22.7% Catholics. A similar ethnic structure was recorded in the last Austrian-Hungarian census in 1910 (43.5 Orthodox, 32.2% Moslems, 23.3% Catholics). The Orthodox population was in majority in both censuses between the two world wars (1921 and 1931), and in the greater part of the post war period (the 1948, 1951, 1961 censuses). The 1971 census indicated for the first time that the ethnic structure of the population in the former FR B&H changed and Moslems became a relative majority (39.6% Moslems, 37.2% Serbs, 20.6% Croats).
The Serbs comprise over 90% of the total population of the Republic of Srpska, but numerous national minorities are also present: Bosniaks, Croats, Czechs, Ukrainians, Slovacks, etc. The official language is Serbian and the letter is Cyrillic. The prevailing religion is Orthodox-Christian and besides the Serbian Orthodox Church there are other religious communities such as Catholic, Islamic, Jewish, etc.
The natural geographic conditions (river valleys, availability of mineral resources, etc.), as well as transport-geo-graphic conditions are the main factors in the growth and concentration of the population, the development of settlements and economic activities. In big river valleys numerous settlements developed, including the biggest urban centres in the Republic. Some of these centres are macroregional, some are regional or subregional by function. Banja Luka, as the only macroregional leading economic and cultural centre in the Republic of Srpska developed on the banks of the Vrbas river; Brcko as a subregional centre developed in the Sava valley; Trebinje as the regional centre developed on the banks of the Trebisnjica river. Prijedor, an important subregional centre, developed in the valley of the Sana river near ore deposits; and, Zvornik, a regional centre developed in the valley of the Drina River. At the meeting point of the rivers Spreca and Bosna, the important railway junction and the regional centre Doboj developed; Novi Grad developed at the meeting point of the rivers Sana and Una; and the regional centre Srbinje developed at the meeting point of the rivers Cehotina and Drina. Numerous urban settlements that developed in the valleys of these river courses and other small ones became centres of different importance. The process of industrialization and the process of modernization of the transport network after World War II have not significantly influenced the distribution of urban settlements but have instigated the process of urbanization. This means that the urban centres expanded by incorporating the surrounding rural settlements, and increased the scope of their functions. Apart from that, numerous rural settlements acquired various urban functions (new industrial plants, new shops, out-patient clinics, schools, sports centres, etc.) with a tendency to become genuine urban settlements.
Start...of Srpska
Republic of Srpska is proclaimed on 9th of January 1992, and as a State Entity verified by Dayton Peace Agreement and signing of peace accord in Paris, on 14th of December 1995, with which was ended the 3,5-years war.
Main capital is Banja Luka, with more than 200.000 citizens.
Main capital is Banja Luka, with more than 200.000 citizens.
The frontiers of the Republic of Srpska have been defined by the internationally recognized border with Yugoslavia and the Republic of Croatia and the inter-entity boundary with the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Both these lines were established with no regard to basic principles of delineation between peoples (ethnic, historical, natural-geographic, functional-economic, military-strategic.
Considering its size the Republic of Srpska has unproportionally long and irregular borders. They are very elongated and broken, building narrow belts of land in some places (the so called "pockets") which link the Serbian areas. The narrowest and the most sensitive belt is the one round the town of Brcko, the width of which is only 5 km. The total length of the borders of the Republic of Srpska is 2,170 km, the inter-entity border accounting for 1,080 km. If the territory of the Republic of Srpska were in the shape of a circle, the total length of its borders would be only 561 km. This means that the coefficient of the border indentation is 3.6, which is rare in the world and could only be compared to Chile. The territory of the Republic of Srpska is atypical in form. Its northern part is elongated in the west-east direction and its eastern part in the north-south direction. Such an unusual shape is an aggravating circumstance for internal communication and economic integration of distant western and southern parts of the Republic, which gives rise to a problem of its wholeness.
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